The pioneers of the United States of America were marked by a rugged individualism. While communities were formed for mutual protection and financial prosperity, it was most often the pioneer, settler or trader who explored and paved the way for them. As such, much of America’s psyche is marked with an individualistic attitude. As a society we value the stories of individuals who came to our shores and made a way for themselves.
Since the “wild West” has been settled and cultural values are now shaped more by the urban and suburban than the farm or ranch, the social psyche seems to be changing from an individualism mind-set to a collectivism one. As the population of America has shifted from agricultural settings to urban ones, the value of the individualism is not as prominent as that of the collective or community. Is this good or bad? I do not know.
The trouble arises, however, in attempting to define what are the rights of the individual versus what are the rights of the community. For those still attendant to the ethos of individualism, any discussion of social or community responsibilities is interpreted as an attempt to impose the “evils” of socialism or communism. On the other side of the spectrum, for those committed to the values of community and perceived social obligations, any objections from those committed to individual responsibilities and rewards is interpreted as irresponsible and uncaring.
Thus, in today’s political milieu, is the responsibility for health care an individual one or a collective one? Or, is the duty to provide for one’s self and family solely an individual one with no social support or is their a collective interest and invest on the part of the larger community? At what point are issues to be determined on the federal, state or local collective community level or purely based upon individual response and responsibility?
To add to the mix, the definition of what are the “rights of all” versus what are the “rights of individuals” becomes complicated. When determined by the individual, there are almost as many answers as there are individuals in the U.S. When determined by the community, there are as many answers as there are collective groups (political, social, religious, etc). Thus, collective groups fight for and lobby for their collective interests. This seems to result in an ever increasing broadening of collective “rights” available for the community.
Early in American history, the collective “rights” were very limited; though not always fairly practiced. The Bill of Rights was the beginning of the effort to define those social or collective rights. The idea of fairness developed early on in the American consciousness so that over the years the idea of what is fair has broadened greatly: fairness in housing, fairness to Americans with disabilities, fairness to people of different religions, fairness to people of different sexual orientations, fairness in employment opportunities, fairness in the minimum wage – and the list continues to grow.
This is not all bad. It reveals that our democracy is a living, breathing organization and not one written in stone and codified to a particular era of human history or experience. However, it carries with it its interesting challenges as well. The contemporary struggle, apart from the struggle over gay marriage rights, is the idea of fair and equal access to technology, most particularly the internet.
Just as it became a perceived right in America for everyone to have electricity and a telephone after it had been available for a number of years to particular individuals, so now it is becoming a perceived right that everyone has a “right” to have access to the internet and computer technology. Those in the collective camp point out that individuals without such access are at a high disadvantage at school, in the labor market and the global market. Those in the individualism camp howl at the idea that everyone has that “right” to technological access, especially since they as an individual had to pay a high personal price to attain that right, let alone that they should share in the cost of providing equal and fair access.
Classic Car, Cool Desert Nights, Richland, Washington, June 2010 ©Weatherstone/Ron Almberg, Jr. (2010)
Two consciences seem to be at war in America. There is the conscience of the individuals who value the person over community; who “pulled themselves up by their own boot straps” and accomplished something with their life. They value personal effort and ownership.
Then there is the conscience of the individuals who value the community over individuals; who realize that no one got where they are alone. This is often called collectivism. The group rather than the individual is the primary political and social unit. They value community effort towards equality and fairness.
The former group has determined that the moral bearing of the community is dependent upon the individual’s actions and responsibilities. They fear the subjugation of the individual to the group. Instead, they believe that every individual is a sovereign entity who possesses an inalienable right to his or her own life. Thus, all individuals have an obligation to them selves so that they are not a burden to anyone or any group.
While the latter group has determined that the moral bearing of the community is determined by how it cares for one another. They emphasize the interdependence any individual has with some social group. Thus, all individuals have an obligation to the larger group who hopes to guarantee the security of its individual members.
The conscience of one has been shaped by rugged individualism and self-determination. The conscience of the other has been shaped by belonging to strong communities who support the individuals within them. It is no wonder then that immigration has played a large part in shaping and moving the American conscience towards a collective ideal. Most of the rest of the world has lived and survived in strong, tight-knit communities. Even in settling in American, they have done so in immigrant communities who take care of one another.
The African, Asian and Latin American communities exhibit a strong family and communal based ethos. It is these new immigrant communities that will shape the future of the U.S. The days of the lone ranger, rancher, cowboy, farmer, settler or pioneer are gone for the most part. The migration of the majority of the American population since 1900 away from agricultural setting to urban and suburban settings is advancing this change as well. So, what is the harm?
The harm may be in our own undoing. As noted by some of the Founding Fathers of the U.S., the danger of any democracy is when the constituents of that democracy realize that they can vote themselves into perceived financial and personal security. Like our senators and representatives who vote themselves a pay raise, the American public is now able to vote for them selves a larger and larger portion of a piece of the American pie; or pressure their senators and representatives to vote for it. The problem is that there is only so much pie.
It is a delicate balance between the rights and responsibilities of the individual versus the community. The margins and definitions of this are always changing and shifting. As with many similar issues, the answer to finding that balance will never lie in an “either/or” approach. It will be contained in a “both/and” approach. Where it will not be determined is in the mass media market or among special interest groups fighting against one another. Where it will be determined is perhaps in the very place that America seems to be lacking the most right now; in the halls of leadership and scholarship. Strangely, this will require strong individuals who have an eye for the collective whole.
©Weatherstone/Ron Almberg, Jr. (2010)
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